Bariatric surgery is a type of weight loss surgery that is performed on individuals who are obese or have significant weight-related health issues. The most common types of bariatric surgery are gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, adjustable gastric banding, and biliopancreatic diversion with a duodenal switch.
Gastric bypass surgery involves creating a small stomach pouch and rerouting the small intestine to this new pouch. This reduces the amount of food that can be consumed and also decreases the absorption of calories.
Sleeve gastrectomy involves removing a large portion of the stomach, leaving a smaller, sleeve-shaped stomach. This also reduces the amount of food that can be consumed.
Adjustable gastric banding involves placing an adjustable band around the upper part of the stomach to create a small stomach pouch and slow the passage of food.
Biliopancreatic diversion with a duodenal switch involves removing a large portion of the stomach and rerouting the small intestine. This procedure results in significant weight loss but also carries a higher risk of complications.
Bariatric surgery is typically considered for individuals with a BMI (body mass index) of 40 or higher, or for those with a BMI of 35 or higher and at least one weight-related health issue such as diabetes, sleep apnea, or heart disease.
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