Understanding Endometrial Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention
What is Endometrial Cancer?
Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the lining of the uterus. This lining is called the endometrium. Most cases of endometrial cancer happen after menopause. However, it can also affect younger women. Early detection is important because treatment works best in the early stages. According to the CDC, endometrial cancer is the most common cancer of the female reproductive organs. Knowing the basics can help you spot early signs of endometrial cancer and seek help quickly.
Common Symptoms of Endometrial Cancer
Recognizing symptoms early can make a big difference. While some women may not notice any signs at first, many do experience changes. Watch for these common symptoms:Unusual vaginal bleeding, especially after menopauseBleeding between periodsWatery or bloody vaginal dischargePain in the lower belly or pelvisPain during sex
Sometimes, these symptoms can be caused by other conditions. Still, it is important to talk to a doctor if you notice any of them. Early signs of endometrial cancer should never be ignored.
Causes and Risk Factors
Doctors do not know the exact cause of endometrial cancer. However, certain factors can raise your risk. Understanding these can help you make healthy choices. Here are some common risk factors:Age over 50ObesityNever having been pregnantEarly start of periods or late menopauseTaking estrogen without progesteroneFamily history of endometrial or colon cancerDiabetes
For example, being overweight increases estrogen levels, which can affect the endometrium. In addition, some inherited conditions, like Lynch syndrome, can also raise your risk.
How Endometrial Cancer is Diagnosed
Diagnosing uterine cancer starts with a visit to your doctor. First, your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, they may do a pelvic exam. If needed, further tests can help confirm the diagnosis. Common tests include:Transvaginal ultrasound to look at the uterusEndometrial biopsy, where a small tissue sample is takenDilation and curettage (D&C) if more tissue is neededImaging tests like CT or MRI scans to check if cancer has spread
Early diagnosis is key. Therefore, if you have symptoms, do not wait to see a healthcare provider.
Treatment Options
Treatment for endometrial cancer depends on the stage and your overall health. Most women need surgery to remove the uterus, called a hysterectomy. Sometimes, the ovaries and fallopian tubes are also removed. Other treatments may include:Radiation therapy to kill cancer cellsHormone therapy to block cancer growthChemotherapy to destroy cancer cells
Your doctor will explain the best plan for you. In many cases, early-stage endometrial cancer can be cured with surgery alone.
Prevention Tips and Lifestyle Guidance
While you cannot prevent all cases, you can lower your risk. Here are some tips for endometrial cancer prevention:Maintain a healthy weightExercise regularlyEat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetablesManage diabetes and other health conditionsTalk to your doctor about hormone therapy risksKnow your family history and discuss it with your doctor
Additionally, regular check-ups can help catch problems early. Making healthy choices every day supports your overall well-being.
When to See a Doctor
It is important to listen to your body. If you notice unusual bleeding, pain, or any other symptoms listed above, see a doctor right away. Early action can lead to better outcomes. Even if you think your symptoms are minor, it is always better to get checked. Your healthcare provider can help you understand your risks and guide you on next steps.
For personalized advice on endometrial cancer, consult a healthcare specialist at Oorkid Hospital and IVF Centre. Early care can make all the difference.
